答：黑臭水體判定：一是感官判定。水體異味（發(fā)臭、發(fā)酸）或顏色明顯異常（發(fā)黑、發(fā)黃、發(fā)白）等感官特征進(jìn)行識別，出現(xiàn)任意一種情況，即視為黑臭水體。

二是公眾評議判定。對感官判斷有爭議的農(nóng)村水體，有關(guān)部門可委托專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)對水體周邊居住村民、商戶或隨機(jī)人群開展調(diào)查問卷。調(diào)查問卷數(shù)量不少于30份，認(rèn)為“黑”或“臭”問題的人數(shù)占被調(diào)查人數(shù)的60%以上，即視為黑臭水體。三是水質(zhì)監(jiān)測判定。難以開展公眾調(diào)查評議時(shí)，通過水質(zhì)監(jiān)測判定。水質(zhì)監(jiān)測指標(biāo)包括透明度（≥25cm）、溶解氧（≥2mg/L）、氨氮（≤15mg/L）3項(xiàng)指標(biāo)，任意一項(xiàng)不達(dá)標(biāo)即判定為黑臭水體。

　　黑臭水體認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，法律分析：黑臭水體，目前的主流定義是以溶解氧、臭閾值、透明度和色度四個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行水體質(zhì)量考量，其中有一項(xiàng)不達(dá)標(biāo)就可稱為黑臭水體。

　　法律依據(jù)：《中華人民共和國水污染防治法》 第二十九條 國務(wù)院環(huán)境保護(hù)主管部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府環(huán)境保護(hù)主管部門應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)同同級有關(guān)部門根據(jù)流域生態(tài)環(huán)境功能需要，明確流域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)要求，組織開展流域環(huán)境資源承載能力監(jiān)測、評價(jià)，實(shí)施流域環(huán)境資源承載能力預(yù)警?？h級以上地方人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)流域生態(tài)環(huán)境功能需要，組織開展江河、湖泊、濕地保護(hù)與修復(fù)，因地制宜建設(shè)人工濕地、水源涵養(yǎng)林、沿河沿湖植被緩沖帶和隔離帶等生態(tài)環(huán)境治理與保護(hù)工程，整治黑臭水體，提高流域環(huán)境資源承載能力。從事開發(fā)建設(shè)活動(dòng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取有效措施，維護(hù)流域生態(tài)環(huán)境功能，嚴(yán)守生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線。

以上黑臭水體判定方法分別來源于蕪湖市政府問答與百度知乎問答！

福建生態(tài)環(huán)境廳：什么是農(nóng)村黑臭水體？

　　農(nóng)村黑臭水體是各縣(市、區(qū))建制鎮(zhèn)(鄉(xiāng)、街道等)的行政村范圍內(nèi)顏色明顯異?；蛏l(fā)濃烈(難聞)氣味的水體。農(nóng)村黑臭水體水質(zhì)具體判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及監(jiān)測方法如下：

　　注：1.*水深不足25cm時(shí)，透明度指標(biāo)閾值按水深的40%取值;

　　2.特征指標(biāo)任意一項(xiàng)不達(dá)標(biāo)即為黑臭水體。

上海瑞柘環(huán)保承接各種河道、湖泊黑臭水體生態(tài)修復(fù)工程！

　　Answer: black and smelly water body judgment: first, sensory judgment. The odor (smelly, sour) or obvious abnormal color (black, yellow, white) and other sensory characteristics of the water body are identified. In any case, it is regarded as a black and smelly water body.

　　Second, public evaluation and judgment. For rural water bodies with controversial sensory judgments, relevant departments can entrust professional institutions to carry out questionnaires on villagers, merchants or random people living around the water bodies. The number of questionnaires is not less than 30, and the number of people who think that "black" or "smelly" problems account for more than 60% of the respondents, that is, they are regarded as black and smelly water bodies. Third, water quality monitoring and judgment. When it is difficult to carry out public investigation and evaluation, it shall be judged through water quality monitoring. Water quality monitoring indicators include transparency (≥ 25cm), dissolved oxygen (≥ 2mg/l) and ammonia nitrogen (≤ 15mg/l). If any of them fails to meet the standard, it will be judged as a black and odorous water body.

　　Determination of black and odorous water body

　　Legal Analysis on the identification standard of black and odorous water body: the current mainstream definition of black and odorous water body is to consider the quality of water body based on four indicators: dissolved oxygen, odor threshold, transparency and chromaticity. If one of them fails to meet the standard, it can be called black and odorous water body.

　　Legal basis: Article 29 of the law of the people's Republic of China on the prevention and control of water pollution, the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council and the competent department of environmental protection under the people's Government of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall, together with the relevant departments at the same level, clarify the requirements for the protection of the ecological environment of river basins, organize the monitoring and evaluation of the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins, and implement the early warning of the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, according to the needs of the ecological environment functions of river basins, organize the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes and wetlands, build ecological environment treatment and protection projects such as artificial wetlands, water conservation forests, vegetation buffer zones and isolation zones along rivers and lakes according to local conditions, rectify black and smelly water bodies, and improve the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins. In carrying out development and construction activities, effective measures shall be taken to maintain the ecological environment functions of the river basin and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection.

　　The above methods for judging black and smelly water bodies come from Wuhu Municipal Government Q & A and Baidu Zhihu Q & A respectively!

　　Shanghai Ruizhe environmental protection undertakes various ecological restoration projects of black and smelly water bodies in rivers and lakes!